Document Type : Original Article

Authors

• Senobar Alihosseini ¹
• Reza Rasooly Sharabeiani ²
• Marzieh Akhlaghi ²
• Gholamhossein Khedri ²

¹ PhD Student, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran

² Associate Professor, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Consciousness and the way of emerging from the material brain have always been fundamental questions in the philosophy of mind and significant challenges in cognitive sciences. This field, composed of philosophers, psychologists, experimental scientists, and neuroscientists, seeks to explain the connection between mind and body and the fundamental question of how the physical neurons of the brain produce non-physical conscious experiences. One of the prominent theories in this area is "Panpsychism," which addresses this challenge as a conceptual approach. This historical question has not been overlooked by Islamic philosophers and logicians and has been discussed and analyzed in various ways. In the realm of consciousness studies, direct awareness of the self and its states can lead to comparisons among different theories. This research aims to pose the fundamental question of panpsychism and compare it with the findings of Islamic thinkers, particularly Mulla Sadra. This study employs a descriptive, analytical, and critical method to examine the strengths and weaknesses, as well as the commonalities and differences in the aforementioned viewpoints.

Keywords

• consciousness
• mind
• body
• panpsychism
• Mulla Sadra

Main Subjects

• Western Philosophy