Document Type : Original Article

Authors

• Payam Jahandar Lashaki ¹
• Majid Mollayousefi ²

¹ MA in Philosophy of Religion, Imam Khomeini International University (IKIU), Qazvin, Iran.

² Associate Professor, Department of Islamic Philosophy and Wisdom, Imam Khomeini International University (IKIU), Qazvin, Iran.

Abstract

The concept of the will in the philosophical apparatus of Schopenhauer can be a result of his profound thinking about the concept of the thing in itself in Kant's philosophical system; the concept, despite its prominent position in Kant's transcendental method, was not explained. Although Schopenhauer, by asking what is the truth behind this world, ties the essence and institution of every phenomenon in the world of representation, which he understood through the principle of sufficient reason and its four forms, to the concept of the will, but by passing from the scope of the world as representation and by revealing the will as things in itself and the understanding of this will through the body, successive the will in the phenomena and in the container of life (which is the fundamental characteristic of the will) have shown themselves; On the one hand, it has led to continuous striving and the birth of stable suffering, and on the other hand, to unstable pleasure, and as a result, such an attitude has revealed the partial existence of pessimism in this world, and it can be considered as a tragic and sadness of life. In the following article, an effort is made to reveal that Schopenhauer called suffering a positive and stable thing, and on the other hand, pleasure a negative and unstable thing, and in this case, can suffering be considered as a part of the precondition for achieving any kind of pleasure and how does the result of the aforementioned concepts lead to a pessimistic attitude in the world.

Keywords

• Arthur Schopenhauer
• the Will-to-Live
• the Pervasive Nature of Suffering
• unstable Pleasure
• Philosophical Pessimism

Main Subjects

• Western Philosophy