Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Ph.D in Moral Philosophy, Moral Philosophy Department, Faculty of Theology, University of Qom, Qom, Iran.
2 MA in Moral Philosophy, Moral Philosophy Department, Faculty of Theology, University of Qom, Qom, Iran.
Abstract
Kant is known as a pre-evolutionary philosopher. Because the contents contrary to the theory of evolution are evident in his naturalistic system as well as in his moral system; In such a way that themes such as the centrality of the will and the broad role of rationality in his view can be recognized in a clear opposition to evolutionary ethics, which is based on luck, adaptation and natural leap. However, the possibility of an exchange of views with a relative agreement between Kantian and evolutionary morality is not inherently ruled out and depends on our understanding and hearing of the beginning and practice of morality in the narrative of the two theories. In this approach, if we consider nature as the desire to develop human moral life, or deny free will, we have distanced ourselves from Kant. But by acknowledging the savage roots of nature, or, as Dawkins puts it, given the selfish resistance of nature against morality, and by reciprocally describing the superiority of the human will over natural inclinations, we have established an observable dialogue between the two theories. However, in exchange for modern ideas of Selfish Genes, Kant's moral law and the will that governs it are interpreted as a cultural-evolutionary product and a factor in the dignified survival of humankind.
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